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The UK approach to dealing with land affected by contamination is underpinned by risk assessment. This ensures appropriate effort and resources are put into dealing with the particular problem at any one site. The UK framework is set out in Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment and Management.

While energy efficiency must be a prime consideration of any lighting installation, it is only part of the overall consideration. This topic focuses on the ways to improve energy performance while optimising all the objectives of a lighting installation.

There are different principles and techniques by which transport resources can be better deployed to save travel distance, time and fuel costs: these include load planning, vehicle routing and scheduling systems, 24-hour operation, choice of vehicle type and unit load device on transport economy, back haulage and return loads, intermodal operations and management of the fleet.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic compounds that vaporise (or evaporate) at normal room temperatures and pressure.